2 Samuel 19:28

Authorized King James Version

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For all of my father's house were but dead men before my lord the king: yet didst thou set thy servant among them that did eat at thine own table. What right therefore have I yet to cry any more unto the king?

Original Language Analysis

כִּי֩ H3588
כִּי֩
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 26
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לֹ֨א were but H3808
לֹ֨א were but
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 26
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הָיָ֜ה H1961
הָיָ֜ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 3 of 26
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 4 of 26
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
בֵּ֣ית house H1004
בֵּ֣ית house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 5 of 26
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
אָבִ֗י For all of my father's H1
אָבִ֗י For all of my father's
Strong's: H1
Word #: 6 of 26
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
כִּ֤י H3588
כִּ֤י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 7 of 26
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 8 of 26
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
אַנְשֵׁי H376
אַנְשֵׁי
Strong's: H376
Word #: 9 of 26
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מָ֙וֶת֙ dead H4194
מָ֙וֶת֙ dead
Strong's: H4194
Word #: 10 of 26
death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin
לַֽאדֹנִ֣י before my lord H113
לַֽאדֹנִ֣י before my lord
Strong's: H113
Word #: 11 of 26
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ any more unto the king H4428
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ any more unto the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 12 of 26
a king
וַתָּ֙שֶׁת֙ yet didst thou set H7896
וַתָּ֙שֶׁת֙ yet didst thou set
Strong's: H7896
Word #: 13 of 26
to place (in a very wide application)
אֶֽת H853
אֶֽת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 14 of 26
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עַבְדְּךָ֔ thy servant H5650
עַבְדְּךָ֔ thy servant
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 15 of 26
a servant
בְּאֹֽכְלֵ֖י among them that did eat H398
בְּאֹֽכְלֵ֖י among them that did eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 16 of 26
to eat (literally or figuratively)
שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑ךָ at thine own table H7979
שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑ךָ at thine own table
Strong's: H7979
Word #: 17 of 26
a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal
וּמַה H4100
וּמַה
Strong's: H4100
Word #: 18 of 26
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
יֶּשׁ therefore have H3426
יֶּשׁ therefore have
Strong's: H3426
Word #: 19 of 26
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
לִ֥י H0
לִ֥י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 20 of 26
עוֹד֙ H5750
עוֹד֙
Strong's: H5750
Word #: 21 of 26
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
צְדָקָ֔ה What right H6666
צְדָקָ֔ה What right
Strong's: H6666
Word #: 22 of 26
rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)
וְלִזְעֹ֥ק I yet to cry H2199
וְלִזְעֹ֥ק I yet to cry
Strong's: H2199
Word #: 23 of 26
to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly
ע֖וֹד H5750
ע֖וֹד
Strong's: H5750
Word #: 24 of 26
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 25 of 26
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ any more unto the king H4428
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ any more unto the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 26 of 26
a king

Analysis & Commentary

For all of my father's house were but dead men before my lord the king: yet didst thou set thy servant among them that did eat at thine own table. What right therefore have I yet to cry any more unto the king?

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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